2010年3月23日火曜日

"数・式の計算・方程式 不等式 (数学読本)"の第2章 問12,13を解いてみる。


問12

(1)

(3x-1)(9x^{2}+3x+1)

(2)

(4x+5)(16x^{2}-20x+25)

(3)

(2a-5b)(4a^{2}+10ab+25b^{2})


問13

(1)

x^{2}-y^{2}-(x+y)\\<br />=(x+y)(x-y)-(x+y)\\<br />=(x+y)(x-y-1)

(2)

(a+c)(a-c)+b(a-c)\\<br />=(a+b+c)(a-c)

(3)

(x-y)^{2}+5(x-y)+6\\<br />=(x-y+2)(x-y+3)

(4)

x(x+1)(x-1)-y(x+1)(x-1)\\<br />=(x-y)(x+1)(x-1)

(5)

(x^{2}-1)^{2}\\<br />=(x+1)^{2}(x-1)^{2}

(6)

(x^{2}-y^{2})(x^{2}-25y^{2})\\<br />=(x+y)(x-y)(x+5y)(x-5y)

(7)

(a^{2}+5)(a^{2}-4)\\<br />=(a^{2}+5)(a+2)(a-2)

(8)

(a^{2}+4b^{2})(a^{2}-4b^{2})\\<br />=(a^{2}+4b^{2})(a+2b)(a-2b)

(9)

(4x^{2}+9y^{2})(4x^{2}-9y^{2})\\<br />(4x^{2}+9y^{2})(2x+3y)(2x-3y)

(10)

(x^{2}+2y^{2})(x^{2}-y^{2})\\<br />=(x^{2}+2y^{2})(x+y)(x-y)

(11)

(x^{2}+4x-12)(x^{2}+4x+4)\\<br />=(x+6)(x-2)(x+2)^{2}

(12)

2x^{2}+(3y-4)x-2y^{2}+7y-6\\<br />=2x^{2}+(3y-4)x-(2y^{2}-7y+6)\\<br />=2x^{2}+(3y-4)x-(2y-3)(y-2)
=(2x-y+2)(x+2y-3)

(13)

x^{2}-(y+1)x-6y^{2}+23y-20

2 5 15
3 4  8

x^{2}-(y+1)x-(2y-5)(3y-4)\\<br />=(x+2y-5)(x-3y+4)

(14)

2x^{2}+(y-1)x-2(y+3)\\<br />=(2x+y+3)(x-2)

(15)

a^{2}+(2b-3)a-(3b-2)(b+1)\\<br />=(a-b-1)(a+3b-2)

(16)

(a^{2}+2a+2)(a^{2}-2a+2)

(17)

(x^{2}+x+1)(x^{2}-x+1)

(18)

a^{2}+(b+c+2)a+b+c+1+bc\\<br />=(a+b+1)(a+c+1)

(19)

(x+y+1)(x^{2}-xy-x+y^{2}-y+1)

(20)

a^{3}-3a^{2}b+3ab^{2}-b^{3}+b^{3}-3b^{2}c+3bc^{2}-c^{3}+c^{3}-3c^{2}a+3ca^{2}-a^{3}\\<br />=3((c-b)a^{2}+(b^{2}-c^{2})a-b^{2}c+bc^{2})\\<br />=3((c-b)a^{2}+(b+c)(b-c)a-bc(b-c))\\
=-3(b-c)(a^{2}-(b+c)a+bc)\\<br />=-3(b-c)(a-b)(a-c)\\<br />=3(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)

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